Grid
A powerful mobile-first flexbox grid to build layouts of all shapes and sizes thanks to a twelve column system, six default responsive tiers, Sass variables and mixins, and dozens of predefined classes.
Usage
Bootstrap's grid system uses a series of containers, rows, and columns to layout and align content. It's built with flexbox and is fully responsive. Below is an example and an in-depth explanation for how the grid system comes together.
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm">
One of three columns
</div>
<div class="col-sm">
One of three columns
</div>
<div class="col-sm">
One of three columns
</div>
</div>
</div>
Auto-layout columns
Utilize breakpoint-specific column classes for easy column sizing without an explicit numbered class like .col-sm-6
.
Equal-width
For example, here are two grid layouts that apply to every device and viewport, from xs
to xxl
. Add any number of unit-less classes for each breakpoint you need and every column will be the same width.
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col">
1 of 2
</div>
<div class="col">
2 of 2
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col">
1 of 3
</div>
<div class="col">
2 of 3
</div>
<div class="col">
3 of 3
</div>
</div>
</div>
Setting one column width
Auto-layout for flexbox grid columns also means you can set the width of one column and have the sibling columns automatically resize around it. You may use predefined grid classes (as shown below), grid mixins, or inline widths. Note that the other columns will resize no matter the width of the center column.
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col">
1 of 3
</div>
<div class="col-6">
2 of 3 (wider)
</div>
<div class="col">
3 of 3
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col">
1 of 3
</div>
<div class="col-5">
2 of 3 (wider)
</div>
<div class="col">
3 of 3
</div>
</div>
</div>
Variable width content
Use col-{breakpoint}-auto
classes to size columns based on the natural width of their content.
<div class="container">
<div class="row justify-content-md-center">
<div class="col col-lg-2">
1 of 3
</div>
<div class="col-md-auto">
2 of 3 (wider)
</div>
<div class="col-lg-2">
3 of 3
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col">
1 of 3
</div>
<div class="col-md-auto">
2 of 3 (wider)
</div>
<div class="col col-lg-2">
3 of 3
</div>
</div>
</div>
Responsive classes
Bootstrap's grid includes six tiers of predefined classes for building complex responsive layouts. Customize the size of your columns on extra small, small, medium, large, or extra large devices however you see fit.
All breakpoints
For grids that are the same from the smallest of devices to the largest, use the .col
and .col-*
classes. Specify a numbered class when you need a particularly sized column; otherwise, feel free to stick to .col
.
Variable width content
Use col-{breakpoint}-auto
classes to size columns based on the natural width of their content.
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col">.col</div>
<div class="col">.col</div>
<div class="col">.col</div>
<div class="col">.col</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-8">.col-8</div>
<div class="col-4">.col-4</div>
</div>
</div>
Stacked to horizontal
Using a single set of .col-sm-*
classes, you can create a basic grid system that starts out stacked and becomes horizontal at the small breakpoint (sm
).
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-8">.col-sm-8</div>
<div class="col-sm-4">.col-sm-4</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm">.col-sm</div>
<div class="col-sm">.col-sm</div>
<div class="col-sm">.col-sm</div>
</div>
</div>
Mix and match
Don't want your columns to simply stack in some grid tiers? Use a combination of different classes for each tier as needed. See the example below for a better idea of how it all works.
<div class="container">
<!-- Stack the columns on mobile by making one full-width and the other half-width -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8">.col-md-8</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<!-- Columns start at 50% wide on mobile and bump up to 33.3% wide on desktop -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
<div class="col-6 col-md-4">.col-6 .col-md-4</div>
</div>
<!-- Columns are always 50% wide, on mobile and desktop -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-6">.col-6</div>
<div class="col-6">.col-6</div>
</div>
</div>
Row columns
Use the responsive .row-cols-*
classes to quickly set the number of columns that best render your content and layout. Whereas normal .col-*
classes apply to the individual columns (e.g., .col-md-4
), the row columns classes are set on the parent .row
as a shortcut. With .row-cols-auto
you can give the columns their natural width.
Use these row columns classes to quickly create basic grid layouts or to control your card layouts.
<div class="container">
<div class="row row-cols-2 g-5">
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="row row-cols-3 g-5">
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="row row-cols-auto g-5">
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="row row-cols-4 g-5">
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col-6">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="row row-cols-1 row-cols-sm-2 row-cols-md-4 g-5">
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
<div class="col">Column</div>
</div>
</div>
Nesting
To nest your content with the default grid, add a new .row
and set of .col-sm-*
columns within an existing .col-sm-*
column. Nested rows should include a set of columns that add up to 12 or fewer (it is not required that you use all 12 available columns).
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-3">
Level 1: .col-sm-3
</div>
<div class="col-sm-9">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-8 col-sm-6">
Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6
</div>
<div class="col-4 col-sm-6">
Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Customizing
Using our built-in grid Sass variables and maps, it's possible to completely customize the predefined grid classes. Change the number of tiers, the media query dimensions, and the container widths—then recompile.
Columns and gutters
The number of grid columns can be modified via Sass variables. $grid-columns
is used to generate the widths (in percent) of each individual column while $grid-gutter-width
sets the width for the column gutters.
$grid-columns: 12 !default;
$grid-gutter-width: 1.5rem !default;
Grid tiers
Moving beyond the columns themselves, you may also customize the number of grid tiers. If you wanted just four grid tiers, you'd update the $grid-breakpoints
and $container-max-widths
to something like this:
$grid-breakpoints: (
xs: 0,
sm: 480px,
md: 768px,
lg: 1024px
);
$container-max-widths: (
sm: 420px,
md: 720px,
lg: 960px
);
When making any changes to the Sass variables or maps, you'll need to save your changes and recompile. Doing so will output a brand new set of predefined grid classes for column widths, offsets, and ordering. Responsive visibility utilities will also be updated to use the custom breakpoints. Make sure to set grid values in px
(not rem
, em
, or %
).